So you missed ZKsync’s airdrop although you made sure to check all the boxes. You bridged from Ethereum’s main net, kept a minimum balance of .005 ETH, interacted with many protocols. You ensured to use paymaster, paid some network fees and got nothing. Without getting too technical, the main criteria for ZKSync was Time Weighted Average Balance. In short what mattered the most is how much you bridged and how long you kept it there. Sounds easy, but who would have guessed! Bridging an extra 100$ and keeping it a a liquidity pool could have made all the difference. Most farmers are discouraged and want to quit crypto farming altogether. This is one of the risks of farming, we put a lot of effort and money with no guarantees in return. Each project is free to choose how to manage its airdrop and we must be ready for everything.
Our option is to find the next project which might have a better distribution and is more promising. Let’s have a look at the upcoming opportunities that are in line.
Zksync ecosystem
Before removing your liquidity from zksync, double check if you have some points in in the ecosystem’s dapps. It might be worth continuing to farm these projects as some of them like Syncswap promised to distribute part (or all) of their ZK token allocation back to their communities.
Zyfi has an active campaign where you can earn points by doing basic activities, like swapping using paymaster and. You can also earn points by interacting with different protocols. It’s easy to track your progress, however there’s no leaderboard so it’s hard to estimate how you’re doing compared to others. Make sure not to push a lot of “spam” transactions and do your own research before using such protocols, the risks are not negligible.
You can also check KZ. KZ is a meme coin that rewards all farmers of zksync that did not qualify for the airdrop. While it’s hard to assess its future value, you can at least see if you qualify for some points already. It is also backed by major players.
Scroll & Linea
Scroll and Linea both have active campaigns that are competing directly with each others. Their goal is to attract the most liquidity to their ecosystem. On Linea, you can earn liquidity experience points LXPL by depositing selected assets on specific platforms. It’s not clear how the LXPL compares with LXP, the basic experience points that you were able to earn in linea park. You can track your progress and compare your metrics with others on a dashboard provided by Openblock. As of today, you can still farm Linea. However, you should be aware that LXPL points will decrease as the campaign advances and it will end when the TVL reaches 3b.
Scroll has a similar program where you earn “sessions” if you provide specific assets. You can track your sessions here. For now, you can earn sessions just by holding assets. Later on, you can earn sessions by providing liquidity and it will be retroactive. It’s important to note that you do not earn sessions anymore for transactions fees, so pushing transactions will not earn you points.
While both projects are comparable to zksync, make sure it’s not too late before jumping in.
Taiko
Taiko’s initial airdrop was somewhat similar to Zksync. A lot of farmers were excluded although they made sure to transact on all the test nets (there were many!) and participated in Galxe quests. However, only the top 300k wallets received an airdrop.
At first, Taiko dismissed the Galxe quests as being simply for educational purposes. However for season 2, they decided to give users retroactive points retroactively for previous Galxe quests. Season 2 is much more structured that season 1 where you had to use many Testnets, never sure how many transactions you should push. In season 2 you can track your points, check the leaderboard and claim your Galxe points.
If you decide to remove your assets from Zksync to Taiko, you can optimize each transaction to qualify for many airdrops at the same time. By using a combination of 0xastra and orbitrer.finance, you can earn points on 0xastra, orbitrer, taiko and KZ depending on the route.
0xastra is a new GameFi experience powered by Orbitrer. You can earn points and complete quests interactively by bridging assets. If you ever used orbitrer, you can claim points on 0xastra retroactively, so it’s a good idea to check them out.
As usual, always do an extensive research before using any projects.
Syscoin is presented as a modular multi role layer “related” to Bitcoin. There’s a lot going on, a lot of modules and a lot of acronyms around Syscoin. Let’s break it down and understand exactly how is it related to Bitcoin, how it compares to other projects and what potential does it have.
What is Syscoin
Syscoin started as a fork of bitcoin, which is a proof of work blockchain. Over the years it has successfully picked many new concepts from the blockchain industry and integrated them to Syscoin in a consistent design. Syscoin has kept its code closely up to date with bitcoin core making sure to integrate new upgrade (ex: taproot). However the difference in the code is non-negligent and the upgrades may not be seamless.
Technologies
Besides sharing the initial code base, the other major relation is that Syscoin is merge mined with bitcoin. Merge mining is a technique that allows miners to efficiently use their computational power to mine multiple cryptocurrencies simultaneously. It enhances the security of auxiliary chains and provides additional rewards to miners without requiring extra resources. It is equivalent to restaking in the Ethereum ecosystem although much different. Merge mining leverages computational power, whereas restaking involves the allocation and reallocation of staked tokens. Syscoin shares the security and difficulty from Bitcoin miners on the Bitcoin network. Syscoin plans to use BTC difficulty to create in a decentralized way a difficulty-based re-staking concept.
We do not view Syscoin as a complete Bitcoin Layer2 yet as data is not exchanged between the blockchains. However, with the new BTC Eigenbridge, it may become possible to transfer assets from and to bitcoin.
While Syscoin is primarily a Layer 1 blockchain with its own base protocol, it incorporates several Layer 2 technologies and features to enhance scalability, speed, and interoperability.
By trying to combine too many concept, Syscoin is evolving into a general purpose blockchain that tries to solve many challenges at the same time. While this offers a lot of options, it can be very confusing and hard to market. We will go over these concepts.
Concepts
Syscoin offers many solutions across several layers. Solutions include micropayments, smart contracts, value bridging, data layer and more. Let’s review them and compare them with other projects.
UTXO chain
the UTXO chain forms the core Layer 1 blockchain, leveraging the same principles as Bitcoin for secure and efficient transaction processing. Syscoin allows for the creation of Syscoin Platform Tokens (SPTs) directly on its blockchain. These tokens can represent various assets and are managed using the UTXO model. Besides SPTs, Syscoin supports ordinals with the Taproot support.
NEVM chain
The NEVM (Network-Enhanced Virtual Machine) chain is a layer-2 solution on top of the UTXOchain. It introduces Ethereum-compatible smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps) to the Syscoin platform, enabling developers to build and deploy sophisticated blockchain applications with programmable logic. Assets created on the UTXO chain, such as Syscoin Platform Tokens (SPTs), can interact with smart contracts deployed on the NEVM chain. This integration allows for diverse asset management and advanced use cases that combine the strengths of both chains.
The bridge allows assets created on UTXO to be bridged to the NEVM chain
Z-DAG
Zero Confirmation Directed Acyclic Graph technology in Syscoin is implemented as a Layer 2 solution on top of Syscoin’s Layer 1 blockchain. This structure allows Z-DAG to enhance the performance of Syscoin by enabling high-speed, low-latency transactions while still benefiting from the security and finality provided by the Layer 1. Z-DAG is primarily built on top of Syscoin’s UTXO model, where it enhances transaction processing speed and scalability. While it directly operates on the UTXO layer, the improved transaction efficiency also benefits the NEVM layer, indirectly supporting the performance of smart contracts and dApps on Syscoin. This integrated approach allows Syscoin to offer a robust and scalable blockchain platform that leverages both UTXO and NEVM models. Other projects such as Hedera HashGraph and Kaspa use Z-DAG technology, however, instead of using it as a layer2 solution, it is directly integrated in their core consensus mechanism.
Data layer
The data layer allows users to store arbitrary data on the blockchain, enabling a wide range of applications beyond simple token transfers and asset management. The Syscoin Platform Data layer is implemented on top of the UTXO chain, leveraging the security and immutability of the underlying blockchain. It can also be utilized in conjunction with the NEVM (Network-Enhanced Virtual Machine) layer. Smart contracts deployed on the NEVM chain can interact with data stored on the UTXO chain.
Rollux
Rollux is and OP Stack that serve as layer-2 scaling solutions in the Syscoin ecosystem, positioned between the UTXO and NEVM layers. By aggregating transactions off-chain and submitting aggregated transactions to the UTXO chain, rollups enhance scalability, reduce fees, and improve the efficiency of smart contract execution within the Syscoin network. It is important to note that Syscoin’s rollux offer both Optimistic rollups and zk-rollups approaches. Assets can be transferred between rollux and NEVM through a bridge.
How does Syscoin compare to Stacks
Syscoin and Stacks are blockchain platforms that enhance the capabilities of Bitcoin and Ethereum in unique ways. Syscoin leverages Bitcoin’s security through merge mining while incorporating Ethereum-compatible smart contracts and Layer 2 solutions like Z-DAG and zk-Rollups for scalability and fast transactions. It also features a bridge for interoperability with Ethereum. In contrast, Stacks operates as a Layer 1 blockchain that anchors its transactions to Bitcoin, using a unique consensus mechanism called Proof of Transfer (PoX). Stacks integrates directly with Bitcoin to provide smart contract functionality and rewards STX holders with Bitcoin through its stacking mechanism. Both platforms aim to combine the security of Bitcoin with advanced blockchain functionalities but employ different approaches to achieve their goals.
Stacks has gained more rapid and widespread adoption, particularly due to its innovative approach of leveraging Bitcoin’s security and introducing smart contracts. However, Syscoin’s longer history and solid integration with both Bitcoin and Ethereum ecosystems also make it a notable player. The choice between the two often depends on the specific needs and interests of the developers and users involved.
In terms of numbers, as of the time of writing, Stacks has a fully diluted market cap of 4.1b compared to 0.13b for Syscoin. Stacks has a TVL of 127M compared to almost no TVL on Syscoin. Overall, Stacks appears to have more widespread adoption and usage in terms of both protocol and third-party applications.
Overall, Syscoin is a promising technology, but it has yet to be battle-tested and seems to be more focused on improving its technology than growing its ecosystem.
In this article, we will go over the concepts of liquidity layer and explore what differentiates Elixir.
Price discovery in liquidity pools
Decentralized exchanges use an automated market maker (AMM) model to facilitate trades. Instead of relying on order books, users trade against liquidity pools that contain reserves of various tokens. These pools are automated by smart contracts, adjusting token prices based on supply and demand.
For pools with low liquidity, this can be problematic since a large trade can affect the supply and demand metric of that specific pool, while the price of that token remains stable on the overall market. This phenomenon is known as “slippage”. Slippage occurs when a trade is executed for a larger size than the liquidity available in the pool. In such cases, the price of the token can deviate from the market price as the trade absorbs the available liquidity in the pool. So a token price can vary from a pool to another and it creates arbitrage opportunities. Traders monitor different pool and can buy low on a platform and sell high on another, which will stabilize the price across the platforms.
Prevention mechanisms
Decentralized exchanges such as Uniswap implement a constant product market maker mechanism. This ensures that the tokens pair quantities in a liquidity pool stays consistent. Consequently, when the price of one token rises from increased demand, its pool quantity decreases while the other token’s quantity rises. This regulates the price automatically. Other mechanisms include offering incentives for providing liquidity, multiple pools for the same pairs and advanced trading features like limit orders.
While these methods assist in reducing the impact of slippage to a certain degree, decentralized exchanges still face some challenges in offering liquidity and price stability compared to centralized exchanges. Traders and liquidity providers must assess these aspects before engaging in trading and providing liquidity on DEXes.
Aggregation Platforms
Various platforms like 1inch consolidate liquidity from multiple DEXes and liquidity pools, enabling traders to tap into increased liquidity and potentially reduce slippage by dividing orders among various providers.
While these platforms helps users automatically find the best prices the basic problem remains low liquidity.
Elixir liquidity layer
Elixir is a DeFi protocol that specializes in offering an infrastructure for liquidity provision and management. What differentiates Elixir from other liquidity layers such as Uniswap is its dynamic liquidity provision model. Elixir focuses on efficiency and optimization. The protocol dynamically adjusts rewards based on market conditions and liquidity needs, incentivizing liquidity provision where it’s most needed. By dynamically adjusting rewards and liquidity allocations, the protocol aims to maximize liquidity utilization and improve overall market efficiency. Elixir is natively integrated with many leading decentralized exchanges and orderbook exchanges.
Currently, Elixir have an airdrop program where you earn potions for providing liquidity. You can provide liquidity on ethereum mainnet or on arbitrum/SUI by using their native integration with dexes.
Here’s the documentation, make sure to understand all the risks included in supplying liquidity as many layers of smart contracts are involved.
The first generation of defi applications allows users to swap various tokens without the need for traditional intermediaries like exchanges. It enables users to trade tokens directly from their cryptocurrency wallets through smart contracts. Users can become liquidity providers by depositing pairs of tokens into liquidity pools. In return, they earn fees from trades.
This is an efficient way for users to earn a yield on assets they already own, however there’s the risk of impermanent loss. If a token price drops significantly , the liquidity provider ends up holding the asset with the least value. Most of the defi protocols now lets the users specify the price ranges they are comfortable with. If these prices are exceeded, the user exits the pool automatically. While this helps protect from impermanent loss, it takes more management and monitoring. When a users exits the pool automatically, he stops earning yields. The users have a choice to enter managed pools where a 3rd party would rebalance and manage the pool for a small fee.
Pool managing tools
New tools like Aperture helps users to manage pools from different providers. It offers an “intent” infrastructure where users declare their goals and the platform executes them. It offers automatic rebalancing strategies, automatic fee compounding and much more. There is an airdrop campaign ongoing where you can earn points while interacting with the protocol. We recommend doing an extensive research before using the platform. You need to understand the smart contract risks associated and understand how the “position permit” signatures work. Here’s an example of a rebalancing.
Most DEFI platforms incentivize user for locking their assets. Most DEFI protocols allow users to borrow against their collateral, however borrowing APY can be very high and if a user lends a stable coin versus a variable asset, he’s at risk of liquidation risk, so he has to constantly check the health factor. This concept encourages users to lock their assets and discourages micro transactions.
Fluidity aims to solve this problem by allowing users to convert their assets to their “fluid” counterpart. Fluidity protocol automatically invests the native assets in DEFI apps like Compound or Solend. Assets can also be used in in yield generating strategies. When a fluid asset is converted back to the native asset, the latter is removed from the defi protocols.
To encourage transactions, fluidity distributes the rewards when a user uses fluid assets. A random factor in calculating the reward is added to incentivize users while protection mechanisms are in place to prevent transaction spamming.
Project outlook
The basic concept is good, however it might be too abstract for the average user. We can see the layers of smart contract risks is piling up since fluidity uses other protocols for yield generation. There’s also a risk of loss in defi investing strategies which might depeg the ratio of 1:1 of fluid assets. A full review of how the native assets are lent out should be done if you plan to convert a sizeable amount. You can review the full documentation.
The project is audited and for now, there’s still a lot of centralization. The centralization is mostly at the level of the defi protocol configuration, large rewards are reviewed before distribution. So the project is still very dependent on the team. This helps to stabilize the project as it moves towards decentralization.
Airdrop potential
The governance token of fluidity FLY is already issued. It is mostly used as a governance token, but it is planned to be used as a utility token. For now it can be staked and used in vaults. The FLY token was dropped in 2 “waves” and a 3rd “wave” is currently ongoing.
You can earn “loot bottles” convertible to FLY token for the next 74 days by staking FLY and you can earn a multiplier by transacting FLY and FUSDC on selected platforms like jumper.exchange
You can check their airdrop campaign and don’t forget to do your own research before jumping on board.
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